# Buckling

*Also called: tenting*

**A floor that lifts off its substrate because it expanded and had nowhere to go.**

Buckling and tenting are the most dramatic of the failure modes and the most clearly attributable: the floor expanded, the expansion gaps were absent or insufficient, and the only remaining direction was up.

It is almost always a gap failure at a wall or a fixed object rather than a material failure.

## Related terms

- [Expansion gap](https://ecowoods.ca/glossary/expansion-gap)
- [Relative humidity](https://ecowoods.ca/glossary/relative-humidity)
- [Moisture content](https://ecowoods.ca/glossary/moisture-content)


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- Defined in: https://ecowoods.ca/papers/toronto-hardwood-climate-moisture-protocol#failure-modes
- Citation guide: https://ecowoods.ca/ai.txt

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